Death and incapacity are the two systemic shocks every estate plan must survive. For conventional assets the law provides a recovery path — probate, beneficiary designations, trust administration, a court-appointed conservator. Digital assets break that assumption twice over. Some are cryptographically self-enforcing: a lost seed phrase is not frozen wealth awaiting a court order, it is wealth mathematically obliterated. And access to even ordinary online accounts is gated by federal computer-crime law and provider contracts that do not care that you are the rightful heir.